The results of a study published in July 2024 titled "Tampons as a Source of Exposure to Metal(loid)s" are gaining attention due to the alarming findings revealing 16 types of metals were found in all tampons tested from 14 different brands. It is the first study of its kind and revealed metals including arsenic, lead mercury, cadmium, nickel, zinc and copper in tampons tested.
The study by Jenni A. Shearston of UC Berkeley University provides a comprehensive analysis of the concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids in different brands of tampons. The study focuses on understanding the extent of exposure and the potential health implications for menstruating individuals.
Findings
Concentration Levels
The test revealed zinc contamination was the highest concentration among the detected metals (with a geometric mean of 52,000 ng/g), lead was present in all samples (with a geometric mean concentration of 120 ng/g), and other metals, such as cadmium and arsenic, were detected at varying levels but generally below regulatory safety limits.
Interestingly, arsenic was found at higher levels in organic than non-organic tampons, whilst lead was found at higher concentrations in non-organic than organic tampons.
Health Risk Assessment
The study performed a risk assessment based on the detected levels. It concluded that while the concentrations of individual metals were below harmful thresholds, the cumulative exposure over time could pose a potential risk. The findings suggest that regular tampon use could contribute to the overall body burden of heavy metals, necessitating further investigation into long-term health effects.
Recommendations
The study emphasises the need for continued monitoring and stricter quality control measures in the manufacturing of tampons. Three areas were specifically identified ;
- Further Research: Further research is needed, particularly longitudinal studies that evaluate the chronic exposure risks associated with heavy metal accumulation from tampon use. Investigating the sources of metal contamination during the manufacturing process is crucial to identify and mitigate potential risks was also recommended.
- Regulatory Actions: A recommendation included developing guidelines for permissible levels of heavy metals in menstrual products to ensure consumer safety. Manufacturers should also be encouraged to adopt best practices and transparency regarding the materials and processes used in tampon production. The materials and processes used in tampon production
- Consumer Education: Public health campaigns to educate consumers about the findings of such studies and the safety of menstrual products. And to promote awareness about the importance of choosing products from manufacturers that adhere to stringent quality standards.
This study by Shearston et al. provides valuable insights into the presence of heavy metals in tampons and highlights potential health risks associated with their use. While the detected levels are generally within safe limits, the cumulative exposure warrants further investigation. Continued research, regulatory oversight, and consumer education are essential to ensure the safety and well-being of tampon users.
If you are concerned about your exposure, experts recommend you check product labels, choose products that contain the least amount of ingredients, that don't contain fragrances and avoid your exposure to the '3 polys' being polyester, polyethylene and polypropylene.
Alternatively, you may like to consider a tampon alternative such as a menstrual cup, menstrual disc, menstrual sponge, period underwear or cloth pads.
Tampons as a Source of Exposure to Metals (PDF Download)
Source": https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412024004355